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The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has announced the names of four new elements: 113, 115, 117 and 118. They are arranged in the periodic table in ascending order of their atomic number. A symbol representing the element may be a one or two letter abbreviation, but it is the name of the element that deserves the most credit.

There are many other elements in the periodic table. Hydrogen is the lightest and is used extensively as a gas and liquid fuel. Helium is the second lightest and is an inert gas.

Element 113 was discovered by a Japanese research group. It was created by slamming calcium into a sheet of americium. Other labs repeated the process to confirm the existence of this new element.

The most efficient method for creating new elements is through the process of nuclear fusion. In this type of experiment, actinide targets are bombarded with calcium-48 in hot fusion reactions. This results in the formation of three new elements. One of them is the lightest, and the other two are the heavyweights.

Scientists are still working on the names of all the new elements, but the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry has ruled out the use of a single word. Nevertheless, they did come up with a few words of their own, including a one-letter abbreviation.

While the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry may not have invented the wheel, it did come up with the names of the elements, and it did do the most impressive thing, in the name of a scientific discovery.

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