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How can you enhance the electrochemical performance for nano-silicon anode material?
The development and application of new energy is an important research field that across the globe attach the greatest importance. The performance of the battery is vital for the advancement of the emerging energy sector. There are many kinds of batteries that are used as energy storage elements. One of the most prominent research directions is lithium-ion batteries, which are used as power batteries and energy storage batteries. There are a variety of applications. The capacity, efficiency as well as the rate of retention of lithium-ion batteries are the most important indicators. Its capacity is the most critical.
Lithium-ion batteries consist of positive electrodes, negative electrodes, electrolytes, separators and other components. The enhancement of lithium-ion battery performance is closely connected to the development of negative and positive materials. The cathode materials available include lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide , and ternary materials and their cycling capacity is generally less than 200mAh/g; the available anode materials include graphite, silicon carbon materials, and lithium titanate, and their cycling ratios. They are less than 420mAh/g. Therefore, it is important to increase the specific capacity of anode materials. Nano-silicon theoretically has a capacity that can reach 4200mAh/g. Its lower primary efficacy as well as poor retention of the cycle are two key reasons for why it isn’t widely employed.
In the present, the three techniques listed below are the most commonly utilized to improve the electrochemical properties of silicon-based anode materials:
(1) Nano silicon materials:
Nanometerization in zero-dimension could reduce silicon’s absolute volume change. One-dimensional nanometerization decreases size of the volume changes in the radial direction when charging and discharging. Two-dimensional nanometerization decreases the volume change perpendicularly to the film.
(2) Silicon alloy materials:
One is inert metals (Cu Fe, Mn and Ti, etc.). which do not react with lithium. The conductivity of the inert metal is high and it increases Li+’s diffusion. It also serves as a buffer matrix. The other type can react with lithium. The active metals (Al. Mg. Sn. Sb. and so on.) of the deintercalation reaction, the lithium-intercalation potential platforms of the active metals and silicon are quite different, and the lithium compound generated by the active metal intercalation can be used as a buffer matrix.
(3) Silicon carbon anode material
Nano Silicon anode materials provide an unmatched electrical conductivity and good durability of carbon-based materials. As of now, the low retention of cycles in nano silicon anode materials remains one of the biggest issues that hinder its use. By covering the silicon particles with carbon or the conversion of a certain amount silicon into silicon carbide the rate of cycle retention can be improved to an extent. The current usage of silicon-carbon anode compounds shows that silicon anode materials must also be utilized in conjunction with graphite anodes, and the silicon content of anode materials must generally be less than 15 percentage.
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