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The melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes from a liquid to a solid. It is used to determine the purity of a substance and can be a good indicator of its chemical composition.

The most common method for determining the melting point of a sample is by using capillary tubes, but there are other methods as well. One of these is the Thiele Tube Method which requires a Thiele tube and a thermometer, but it can be complicated to do properly.

A more modern approach is the use of a Melting Point Apparatus, which can be more accurate and faster than capillary tubes. This process involves heating the sample and then observing it when it melts.

2.1.5 Using a Melting Point Apparatus

Before running a melting point experiment, you should clean the sample and the capillary tube thoroughly to avoid any contamination. You should also ensure that the tube is not too cold or the sample is too hot, as these can affect the results.

3.1.2 Performing a Melting Point Trial

To perform a first trial, insert a small amount of sample into the tube and heat at a medium rate. Once the sample reaches its desired temperature, stop and note the temperature. If the sample does not completely melt, record a second temperature when it does (Figure 6.16d).

4.1.3 Repeating the Testing Procedure

Once all of the melting ranges have been recorded, place the heating block in the Melt Station and set the control knob to Fan/Cooling to cool the unit. Once the unit is cooled, prepare new samples and repeat the testing procedure as needed.