What is it? Silicon Nitride ? Silicon nitride can be described as an organic substance that has the chemical formula Si3N4. It is an important structural ceramic material, with high hardness and lubricity, wear resistance and atomic crystal. It is also resistant to heat and cold shocks. It can be heated to over 1000°C in the air. If it is quickly cooled, it will not break. This is because of its exceptional properties that silicon nitride clays can be used to produce mechanical components such bearings, gas turbine blades or mechanical seal rings. The heat-receiving area of engine components can be made from silicon nitride clays, which are heat-resistant and hard to heat transfer. This will not only increase the quality of the engines but also save fuel. Similar engines have been created in China and Japan.
Silicon Nitride’s main features
The relative molecular weight is 140.28. You can choose from grey, white, or off-white. It is high temperature insoluble, has no melting points, and is strong against high temperature creep. Reaction sintered silica nitride is softened at 1800°C. The crystals are hexahedral. Si3N4 prepared through reaction sintering methods has a density of 1.82.7g/cm3, while Si3N4 made by hot pressing methods has a density of 3.123.22g/cm3. Mohs hardness 9.9, Vickers hardness 2.20, and microhardness 3.123.22g/cm3 are the Mohs hardness. Melting point 1900 (under pressure). Normal pressure usually causes it to decompose at around 1900 degrees Celsius. Specific heat capacity 0.71J/g*K The heat of forming is -751.57kJ/mol. The thermal conductivity of the material is (2-155) W/(m*K). The coefficient of linear expansion is 2.8~3.2×10-6/(20~1000). It is not soluble when water is used. Hydrofluoric Acid makes it soluble. At 1300 1400, oxygenation begins in the air. The specific volume resistance of the air is 1.4×105 *m for 20degC, and 4×108 *m for 500degC. The elastic modulus measures 2842046060MPa. Reaction sintered has a 490MPa compressive force. At 1285, it reacts to dicalcium dinitride, forming calcium silicide. And at 600, the transitional metal is reduced and nitrogen oxides released. It has a bending strength of 147 MPa. It can be made by heating silicon powder with nitrogen or reacting silica halide in ammonia. The resistance is between 10 and 15 to 16 O.cm. Useful for high temperature ceramic raw materials.

Silicon Nitride Properties
Other Titles	silica (IV), nitride
No.	12033-89-5
Combination Formula	Si3N4
Molecular Weight	140.28
Appearance	White powder to gray powder
Melting Point	1900 degC
Boiling Point	N/A
Density	2.2-3.5 g/cm3
Solubility of H2O	Insoluble
Electrical Resistivity	11-12 10x O.m
Specific heat	720 to 800 J/kg – K
Poisson’s Ratio	0.24 to $0.27
Thermal Conductivity	12 to 31 W/m – K
Thermal Expansion	2.5 to 3.0 um/m-K
Young’s Modulus	140 to 315 GPa
Exact	139.943 g/mol

Silicon Nitride’s applications
1. High thermal stability, high oxidation resistance and high product dimensional accuracy are all characteristics of silicon nitride ceramics. Silicon nitride, a covalent chemical compound with high bond strengths and the ability to form an oxide protective coating in the air, has excellent chemical stability. It can be oxidized but is not affected by many molten or alloy metals, such as aluminum and lead. Silicon nitride ceramic materials are used for high temperature engineering components, advanced materials in the metallurgical field, corrosion-resistant parts and sealing components in the chemical industry. They can also be used as cutting tools and machining tools.
Because silicon nitride forms strong bonds with aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, silicon carbide, thorium dioxide, boron and thorium dioxide it can be used to modify different ratios.
2. Also, solar cells can be made from silicon nitride. After the silicon-nitride coating is applied using the PECVD method it can be used as an antireflection film to reduce reflection of incident sunlight. During the deposition of the silicon silicon nitride movie, hydrogen atoms from the reaction product enter both the silicon film and the silicon wafer. This role was to prevent passivation. Here, the atomic ratio of silicon Nitride to silicon Nitride is not exactly 4:3. It fluctuates between different process conditions and different physical properties.
3. For ultra-high temperatures gas turbines, aircraft engines and electric furnaces.
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